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Ⅶ.Environmental
Protection and control
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DEVELOPMENT
OF CATALYTIC COMBUSTION PROCESSES FOR TREATING ORGANIC
WASTE GASES FROM REFINERIES AND PETROCHEMICAL PLANTS
Liu
Zhongsheng Chen Yuxiang Wang Xin Zeng Xiangdong Zhou
Qi
Abstract
This
article introduces three combination processes,
developed by FRIPP for treating organic waster gases
from refineries and petrochemical plants.
Combination
of condensation and catalytic combustion for treating
organic waste gas rich in water vapor from ethylene
factory. Water vapor, diphenyl and diphenyl ether in
organic waste gas could be removed efficiently by the
condenser, and the non-condensable gas could be
treated by the catalytic combustion reactor. The vent
gas from the reactor met the national standard.
Combination of
pre-desulfurization and catalytic combustion for
treating waste gas with sulfur-containing
hydrocarbons, sending out from an oil separator of the
refinery sewage treatment system. Ferric oxide or
special activated carbon can be applied to remove
sulfur-containing hydrocarbons efficiently to prevent
the combustion catalyst from poisoning. Under
recommended conditions, the total removal of the
hydrocarbons can reach up to 96%～99%，the
general concentration of the hydrocarbons in the vent
gas is lower than 100μl/l,
without foul smell.
Combination of
water absorption and catalytic combustion for treating
the waste gas, containing ethylene glycol,
2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane and acetic aldehyde, during
production of PET polyester. The total removal of the
hydrocarbons could reach up to 97%～99%,
and the vent gas, containing less than 50 m l/l of the
general hydrocarbons (including acetic aldehyde), met
the national standards.
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TECHNICAL
ANALYSIS OF STRIPPING TECHNOLOGY
FOR SOUR WATER
TREATMENT IN REFINERIES
Qi
Huimin Sun Baofu Liu Li Lin Daquan
Abstract
This
paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the
currently wide-used stripping technology for sour
water treatment in refineries and proposes approaches
to solve some problems in the process. Furthermore,
for the reuse of stripped sour water, plans, including
separated flow of treated water and sour water, and
reuse of the treated water are put forward.
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TREATMENT
OF REFINERY WASTEWATER
WITH
ACTIVATED CARBON FIBRE
Guo
Hongshan Xu Qian Lin Daquan
Abstract
Study
has been carried out in laboratory with commercial
meso-porous activated carbon fiber (ACF) for treating
solutions with organic compounds and refinery
wastewater. Molecular weight of organic components in
refinery wastewater was determined and meso-porous ACF
has been developed. Research on desorption ability of
meso-porous ACF has also been conducted. The results
showed that ACF has not only remarkably showed the
effect like molecular sieve, but also showed capacity
for rapidly adsorbing wide range of organic compounds.
The developed meso-porous ACF has larger capacity for
COD removal from refinery wastewater compared with the
commercial meso-porous ACF.
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APPLICATION
OF FLOCCULANT COMPLEXES IN TREATING OILY WASTEWATER
Zhao
Jingxia Lin Daquan Hui Jun Wang Youhua Yang Li
Abstract
The
flocculant complexes composed of organic ZB、ZG、ZDMC
and inorganic PAC are applied in treating oily
wastewater from refineries and oil fields. The complex
ZB4109 was used in oily wastewater from Zhenghai
Refinery. Compared with PAC, the dosage of ZB4109 was
1/4 only, and the removal ratio of the oil was up to
82.5%, and at same time the sludge was reduced by
about 38%. The quality of treated water met the needs
for the following process of the biochemical
treatment. So far, the process has been used in the
drainage workshop of Zhenghai Petrochemical Co.
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TREATMENT
OF WASTEWATER FROM PTA (PURE TEREPHTHALIC ACID) IN
PRODUCTION USING TWO-STAGE AEROBIC PROCESS
Liu
Nianzeng Qi Huimin
Abstract
The
article introduces a two – stage aerobic process for
treating wastewater with high concentration of PTA.
All the results of laboratory and commercial tests
were satisfied. The two-stage aerobic process the
wastewater could be reduced from 2500~5000ppm to below
100ppm, the volume-loading capacity for the first
stage and the second stage in aerobic tank reached
2.0kgCOD/m3.d and 0.2kgCOD/m3.d,
respectively, while the sludge bulking was avoided
during operating in commercial plant. It can be
concluded that, despite its relatively higher amount
of sludge and larger consumption of power, the
two-stage aerobic process is one of the choices of
useful processes for treating PTA wastewater because
of its simple flowchart, high removal efficiency,
short period of starting up, no alkali-consumption and
better resistance to the change of loading, etc., The
parameters for design are discussed, such as
degradable capability of wastewater, concentration of
sludge, the age of sludge, temperature and loading of
the biological reactor, etc. Besides, the control of
these parameters during operating are also discussed
in this paper.
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PRINCIPLE
OF REACTOR DESIGN FOR TREATING SPENT CAUSTIC LYE IN
REFINERIES AND PETROCHEMICAL PLANTSUSING WET-AIR
OXIDATION METHOD
Han
Jianhua
Abstract
In
this paper, the macrokinetics of sodium sulfide in
spent caustic lye by wet-air oxidation is discussed on
the basis of experimental data. Using a two-step
serial reaction, sodium sulfide may be finally
oxidized to sodium sulfate through the intermediate
product, sodium thiosulfate. The principle of the
process of the wet-air oxidation is described in
detail in three aspects: mass transfer of oxygen,
matching of operation pressure and temperature, and
fluid dynamics of the reactor. The optimization of
wet-air oxidation process in treating spent caustic
lye is discussed concerning the way of heating spent
caustic lye, the way of condensing and cooling the
treated material and gas, and way of purifying exhaust
gas. The process parameters and results obtained from
seven different refineries and petrochemical plants
with various capacities for treating spent caustic lye
are also shown.
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CURRENT
SITUATION OF REFINERY OILY SLUDGE AND ITS TREATMENT
Zhao
Jingxia Hui Jun Liu Nianzen Wang Youhua
Abstract
A
new method of thermo-extraction/dewatering for
treating the oily sludge has been developed by Fushun
Research Institute of Petroleum and Petrochemicals.
Device of flow bench-test has been set up based on the
laboratory tests. The determination of the
corresponding parameters and component analyses of the
treated materials have finished. The feasibility study
in commercial use has been carried out.
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CONTROL
OF NITRIFICATION AND DENITRIFICATION
BY
USING OXIDATION-REDUCTION POTENTIAL IN SBR
Xu
Qian Lin Daquan
Abstract
In
this paper, treatment of wastewater from refineries by
using activated sludge with bench-scale SBR process
was carried out. Because of the high ammonia
concentration in the wastewater, the aim of the tests
was to evaluate the ability of ammonia removal of SBR
process with real-time control of ORP, pH and DO. The
ammonia removal was exactly accorded with the “Ammonia
Valley”in the curve of pH
versus time, and the ammonia removal efficiency was up
to 96.5% at 25℃. The
denitrification reaction completed at the time when“Nitrate
Knee” appeared in the
curve of ORP versus time. According to the
optimization of SBR cycle, the capacity of treatment
was doubled without a decrease in the removal
efficiency when the experiment was performed in a
reactor with the same volume. Furthermore, stopping
the aeration just after appearance of the “Ammonia
Valley” allowed an energy saving. The easy operation
and the low cost has made the SBR process more
competitive for the biochemical treatment of refinery
wastewater to meet the discharge targets of the
national standards.
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STUDY
ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT STATEMENT FOR PETROCHEMICAL
PROJECT
Li
Lingbo Ji Wei Zeng Xiangdong Lin Daquan
Abstract
The
programme of environmental impact statement for
petrochemical projects, including selection of soil
and sampling locations of groundwater, collection and
storage of samples, pretreatment and analysis of the
samples, the standard operating procedures of quality
control and quality guarantee, is described briefly in
this paper. A case analysis of the environmental
impact statement for a joint venture of a
petrochemical additives production is presented. The
selection of sampling locations, drilling, sampling,
analysis and quality guarantee were performed
according to the standards of EPA and ASTM. The
obtained results provided basic data of the
transaction of immovable properties for the joint
venture project.
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TECHNICAL
FEATURE OF EIA FOR PROJECTS OF PETROLEUM
RECOVER AND PROCESSING AND PETROCHEMICAL
CONSTRUCTION, AND FURTHER APPLICATION
Ji
Wei Zeng Xiangdong Lin Daquan
Abstract
On
the basis of many years’ practical experience in
implementing environmental impact assessment (EIA) for
petroleum and petrochemical construction projects,
this paper summarizes EIA methods and technical
achievements for construction project of petroleum
exploitation and processing, storage and
transportation. Lifetime analysis technique of
pollution source for oilfield construction projects;
the technique of accident risk analysis and
environmental risk assessment (ERA) for construction
projects, such as storage and transportation of crude
oils, finished products and natural gas, and
engineering analysis method for petrochemical
construction projects, such as sulfur-balance analysis
method are mainly included. The current expansion of
application range for EIA technique in FRIPP is also
introduced, including developing checking method of
clean production (CP) for completed construction
projects, and developing procedure and method of
environmental site assessment (ESA) for joint-venture
project.
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TREATMENT
OF PRODUCED WASTE WATER USING ENHANCED BIOFILM SBR
PROCESS
Xu
Qian Wang Junying Lin Daquan
Abstract
A
flocculating-enhanced biofilm SBR process was applied
to treat produced water from Liaohe oilfield. A
complex flocculant FZ-308 with optimum flocculating
effect was proved to reduce COD from 1000～1400mg/L
to 450～550mg/L
with simultaneously removing oil, which made it
possible to the after-biochemical treatment. A special
method has been mastered for the culture and taming of
bacterial in activated sludge. By addition of the
micro-stimulator FYS-5, new type of microbes could be
incubated for treating produced water with improved
efficiency and healthy growth of microbes. When the
influent volumetric loading in biochemical unit was
0.5kg COD/m3.d with COD below 500mg/L,
effluent COD was reduced to below 100mg/L with average
removal ratio of COD 81.9% after two months of
continuous operation. The quality of treated water
could meet the specification of GB8978-1996 and could
drain directly.
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